breaking news – Page 12 – NEW Immunopaedia

Identical viruses form HIV reservoir

31st March, 2017One of the obstacles in curing HIV is that the virus forms reservoirs which cannot be infiltrated by antiretroviral drugs.

Thandeka MoyoMarch 29, 2017

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Dysfunctional B cell subsets in TB patients

29th March, 2017B cells are not only important for producing antibodies but they also aid the T cell arm of the immune response by antigen presentation.

Thandeka MoyoMarch 29, 2017

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HIV vaccine design with less mutated antibodies

27th March, 2017 Broadly neutralizing antibodies are of great importance to the HIV vaccine field.

Thandeka MoyoMarch 28, 2017

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Lab mice may be too clean to use in studies

24th March, 2017 Immunologists use mouse models in a variety of experiments to determine immunological pathways and functions. However, as this review shows, keeping mice in

Thandeka MoyoMarch 24, 2017

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Combination of 2 antibodies controls HIV replication

22nd March, 2017 As there is no cure for HIV, scientists are investigating ways to control virus replication in infected individuals. A combination...

Thandeka MoyoMarch 23, 2017

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CD8 T cells are important for Zika virus control

20th March, 2017 The last Zika virus outbreak gave scientists the urge to understand the virus better in the hope of developing effective treatments and a vaccine to prevent infection.

Thandeka MoyoMarch 20, 2017

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New autoimmune disease driven by thymic tumour

17th March, 2017Researchers, led by Yutaka Takahashi, have discovered a novel autoimmune disease that is caused by a thymic gland tumour known as thymoma. The autoimmune...

Thandeka MoyoMarch 17, 2017

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Malaria vaccine trial with promising results

15th March, 2017 development of an effective malaria vaccine has long been investigated with hardly any success. There were approximately 438 000 deaths from malaria infection in 2015; predominantly in…

Thandeka MoyoMarch 15, 2017

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Road to an effective HIV immunogen

13th March, 2017 Designing a HIV immunogen capable of eliciting broad antibody responses has been a challenge in the field. The highest efficacy in an HIV vaccine trial was 31%…

Thandeka MoyoMarch 14, 2017

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis diversity

10th March, 2017 Tuberculosis is caused by a bacterium known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). The presence of drug-resistant strains of the bacteria highlights the fact that the bacteria can easily…

Thandeka MoyoMarch 10, 2017

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Novel cell population reduces response to tumours

8th March, 2017Researchers from the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, have discovered a novel type of innate lymphoid cell (ILC)...

Thandeka MoyoMarch 9, 2017

Antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity

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Polyfunctional antibodies in the control of HIV

6th March, 2017 Elite controllers (ECs) are a group of HIV-infected individuals who are able to suppress viral replication and live for many years...

Thandeka MoyoMarch 6, 2017

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Neutrophils aid in immune tolerance during pregnancy

3rd March, 2017Immune tolerance is important during pregnancy to allow for the development of the fetus without a maternal immune...

Thandeka MoyoMarch 3, 2017

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Probiotic lotion as eczema treatment

1st March, 2017People who suffer from atopic dermatitis, also known as eczema, experience dry, itchy patches on their skin when they come into contact with allergens.

Thandeka MoyoMarch 2, 2017

breaking news

Antibody that can control HIV replication

27th February, 2017HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) have mainly been studied for their use in an HIV vaccine, however these antibodies may be effective in controlling the viral load...

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 28, 2017

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Important role for antibodies in TB infection

24th February, 2017The focus of studies on the immune response towards tuberculosis (TB) has mostly been on cellular immunity. However, researchers from the Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard...

Bonamy HoltakFebruary 23, 2017

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Mucosal cells enhance HIV entry into CD4 T cells

22nd February, 2017HIV transmission through sexual contact takes place primarily through mucosal tissue. Factors such as genital inflammation and...

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 21, 2017

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Novel mechanism for anti-cancer drug

20th February, 2017Nab-paclitaxel is a therapeutic nanoparticle used in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Researchers from the New York University School of Medicine

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 21, 2017

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Changes in gut microbiome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

17th February, 2017Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a condition characterized by chronic inflammation of the digestive tract...

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 17, 2017

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Functional B cells needed to prevent preterm birth

15th February, 2017 Preterm birth (PTB) occurs when an infant is born before 37 weeks of pregnancy. It is one of the leading causes of child mortality...

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 15, 2017

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Antibody resistance does not play a role in mother-to-child-transmission

13th February, 2017 One of the debates in the HIV field is whether antibodies play in role in HIV transmission. Are antibody-neutralization resistant...

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 14, 2017

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Using chemokine CXCL13 as a biomarker of germinal centre activity

10th February, 2017 Researchers have found a dependable marker for germinal centre activity – the chemokine CXCL13. Germinal centres are...

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 9, 2017

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Reason why immunotherapy does not work for all cancers

8th February, 2017Pembrolizumab is an immunotherapy drug used to treat individuals with advanced melanoma. Researchers from University of California, Los Angeles...

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 8, 2017

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Characterization of novel antibody that recognizes HIV trimer

6th February, 2017Understanding where broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) bind to the HIV trimer may be important in designing effective immunogens...

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 7, 2017

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International Remote Conference Highlights: Establishment of memory CD8 cells to influenza

3rd February, 2017The seasonal variability of influenza makes the development of a universal vaccine challenging.

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 3, 2017

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International Remote Conference Highlights: Antibody response to malaria in Burkina Faso

1st February, 2017Malaria is still a major global health problem affecting large numbers of people mostly in developing countries. Malaria is caused by the Plasmodium parasite...

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 2, 2017

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International Remote Conference Highlights: Can HAART be used to cure HIV?

30th January, 2017One of the big questions in HIV research is whether there is a need to find a cure given the current preventative measures and treatment options available.

Thandeka MoyoJanuary 31, 2017

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Rapid evolution of the infant microbiome after birth

27th January, 2017Researchers from the Baylor College of Medicine investigated how the infant microbiome developed from birth into...

Thandeka MoyoJanuary 27, 2017

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No role for CD4 T cells in shift from latent to active TB

25th January, 2017 In this study, researchers used SIV-infected macaques to gain insight into the immune response towards HIV/TB co-infection.

Thandeka MoyoJanuary 25, 2017

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Evidence for antibodies in control of HIV infection

23rd January, 2017Researchers from Rockefeller University have described a patient who has both broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV as well as...

Thandeka MoyoJanuary 24, 2017

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Not all CD8 T cells have cytotoxic effects

20th January, 2017 It has been known for a long time that CD8 T cells are important for the control of the HIV in infected individuals. However, the CD8 T…

Thandeka MoyoJanuary 20, 2017

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2nd Annual International Remote Conference: Science and Society

18th January, 2017The Beyond Sciences Initiative (BSI) will be hosting the 2nd Annual International Remote Conference: Science and Society...

Thandeka MoyoJanuary 18, 2017

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Role of T cells in Zika virus infection

16th January, 2017T cells have been found to play an important role in the control of Zika virus as shown by scientist from the La Jolla Institute for Allergy and…

Thandeka MoyoJanuary 17, 2017

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Effective mechanism to kill human viruses

13th January, 2017 Influenza has found ways to escape the immune response by constantly changing its genome, which has made a seasonal influenza vaccine necessary for protection from the virus.

Thandeka MoyoJanuary 13, 2017

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Different gut microbes present depending on diet

11th January, 2017 When changing from one diet to another, one might not see immediate effects and the reason for this may lie with the type of gut microbiota...

Thandeka MoyoJanuary 11, 2017

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No correlation between Vitamin D levels and vaccine responses

9th January, 2017 Vitamin D has been implicated in numerous immune functions such as activating naïve T cells, regulating gene expression...

Thandeka MoyoJanuary 10, 2017

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Changes in CD8 T cells during viral infection

6th January, 2017Researchers from the La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunonolgy have found mechanisms that determine the fate of CD8 T cells and how these cells respond differently to…

Thandeka MoyoJanuary 4, 2017

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Traits associated with the production of broadly neutralizing antibodies

4th January, 2017Developing an effective HIV vaccine may require the induction of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). Studies in non-human primates...

Thandeka MoyoJanuary 3, 2017

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Novel mechanism reveals how leishmania evades immune system

30th December, 2016Scientists have shown that the leishmania parasite is able to evade the immune system and cause infection by producing a molecule that binds to a receptor...

Thandeka MoyoDecember 30, 2016

metastatic stage hepatocellular carcinoma

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Gut microbiota suppress liver cancer

28th December, 2016 The gut microbiota has been shown to influence numerous pathways in the human body. Researchers have now found that the gut microbiota play a beneficial role...

Thandeka MoyoDecember 28, 2016

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Ebola vaccine confirmed to be highly effective

23rd December, 2016Scientists from Canada’s National Microbiology laboratory have reported the successful results of the rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine trail conducted in Guinea.

Thandeka MoyoDecember 23, 2016

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Chikungunya virus vaccine using an insect virus

21st December, 2016A team of researcher from the University of Texas Medical Branch have developed a Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) vaccine candidate...

Thandeka MoyoDecember 20, 2016

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Characteristics of HIV which affect antibody recognition

19th December, 2016The development of a successful HIV vaccine may require the induction of broadly neutralizing antibodies. Understanding how HIV...

Thandeka MoyoDecember 19, 2016

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The adverse effects of Zika virus on infants

16th December, 2016It has been known for some time that there is a link between Zika virus infection in pregnant women and birth defects of their infants. The extent of…

Thandeka MoyoDecember 16, 2016

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Using CARs to kill HIV

14th December, 2016Researchers have found that potent, broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV can be used to make virus-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells that are capable of...

Thandeka MoyoDecember 14, 2016

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Unique T cells compartmentalize in lymphoid sites

12th December, 2016The fate of naïve T cells which develop in the thymus has not been fully understood in humans, especially the mechanism behind...

Thandeka MoyoDecember 12, 2016

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Using nanoparticles in HIV immunogen design

9th December, 2016One of the challenges in HIV vaccine research is developing an immunogen which elicits a strong immune response; strong enough to protect against HIV acquisition.

Thandeka MoyoDecember 8, 2016

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The link between malaria and cancer

7th December, 2016Researchers have found that the damage to DNA caused by the malaria parasite in cells increases the risk of those cells turning into cancerous cells. Burkitt’s lymphoma...

Thandeka MoyoDecember 7, 2016

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Gut microbiota influences pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease

5th December, 2016Researchers have shown that there is a link between the gut microbiome and development of Parkinsons disease (PD). Less than 10% of PD cases...

Thandeka MoyoDecember 6, 2016

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Is an HIV vaccine possible?

2nd December, 2016In this age when there is readily available pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis and effective anti-retroviral therapy which enables HIV-positive individuals to have higher life expectancy...

Thandeka MoyoDecember 3, 2016

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Insights into how hemolysis leads to susceptibility to infection

30th November, 2016Hemolysis is a condition which affects people with diseases such as malaria, sepsis and sickle cell anaemia. Heme is the component of hemoglobin...

Bonamy HoltakDecember 2, 2016

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Th1 response leads to effective antibodies against influenza

28th November, 2016Influenza continues to be one of the most concerning viruses as influenza epidemics are still emerging which kill numerous people.

Thandeka MoyoNovember 29, 2016

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Targeting essential TB enzyme may lead to novel treatments

25th November, 2016Researchers from John Hopkins University may have found a novel target for tuberculosis (TB) therapy. The team, led by Gyanu Lamichhane...

Thandeka MoyoNovember 25, 2016

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Treating helminth infections boosts immune system

23rd November, 2016Chronic helminth infections have been associated with immunological hyporesponsiveness. This favours the survival of the helminths...

Thandeka MoyoNovember 24, 2016

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Toll-like receptor helps nematodes avoid pathogens

21st November, 2016 Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are an integral part of the innate immune system. They are trans-membrane proteins which are able to identify pathogenic molecules.

Thandeka MoyoNovember 22, 2016

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Infants can produce anti-HIV antibodies with minimal somatic hypermutation

18th November, 2016 Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) that target HIV have been studied extensively for their use in an HIV vaccine.

Thandeka MoyoNovember 19, 2016

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Antibodies from Ebola survivor have potent anti-viral activity

16th November, 2016 Antibodies are the correlate of protection in most of the available, effective anti-viral vaccines. Therefore, it is important to understand the role...

Thandeka MoyoNovember 16, 2016

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The microbiome has anti-tumor effects

14th November, 2016The microbiome does not only have a role in maintaining a healthy gut environment but has been found in a recent study to also have anti-cancer effects. The…

Thandeka MoyoNovember 15, 2016

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Understanding the organization of TB-associated granulomas

11th November, 2016Active tuberculosis (TB) infection may result in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria entering the lung, leading to the development of granulomas

Thandeka MoyoNovember 12, 2016

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Using cell-specific knock-outs to study the function of genes

9th November, 2016One of the most effective ways of determining the function of a gene is to perform a gene “knock-out” where the gene is deleted...

Thandeka MoyoNovember 9, 2016

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis tricks body into autoimmunity

7th November, 2016Mycobacterium tuberculosis is responsible for causing tuberculosis (TB) disease, a disease which killed over 1.5 million people in 2014 according to the CDC.

Thandeka MoyoNovember 8, 2016

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HIV R4P Highlights: Dendritic cells which capture HIV in Female Reproductive Tract

4th November, 2016 It has been shown that young women are at higher risk of acquiring HIV as opposed to young men. Since sexual transmission...

Thandeka MoyoNovember 5, 2016

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HIV R4P Highlights: Inducing T cells in an HIV Vaccine

2nd November, 2016Although most HIV vaccine research focuses on eliciting antibody response, T cells should not be forgotten. An HIV vaccine eliciting T cells to conserved...

Thandeka MoyoNovember 3, 2016

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HIV R4P Highlights: HIV superinfection does not increase antibody breadth

31st October, 2016HIV superinfection provides a platform for investigation into how the immune system responds to various viral strains and therefore can be used to understand...

Thandeka MoyoOctober 31, 2016

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HIV R4P Highlights: New antibody lineages against HIV high mannose-patch

28th October, 2016The HIV Envelope (Env) is surrounded by glycans which serve multiple purposes. One of the purposes of glycans is to evade anti-HIV neutralizing antibodies...

Thandeka MoyoOctober 28, 2016

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HIV R4P Highlights: BV increases risk of HIV acquisition through neutrophils

26th October, 2016Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) is condition caused by an imbalance between the “good” and “bad” bacteria in the female genital tract (FGT).

Thandeka MoyoOctober 26, 2016

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HIV R4P Highlights: Children frequently make HIV-specific broad antibody responses

24th October, 2016Broadly neutralising antibodies (bnAbs) which target HIV have been found to develop more commonly in children than in adults.

Thandeka MoyoOctober 25, 2016

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HIV R4P Highlights: Interview with Prof Thumbi Ndung’u

20th October, 2016We recently caught up with Prof Thumbi Ndung'u at the HIV Research for Prevention Conference where he shared the latest findings in his lab with us.

Thandeka MoyoOctober 20, 2016

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HIV R4P Highlights: α4β7 antibody and ART: a novel HIV therapy

19th October, 2016Dr Anthony Fauci presented data at a plenary session at the HIV R4P conference on antibody targeting of the α4β7 integrin in a novel mechanism to control HIV…

Thandeka MoyoOctober 19, 2016

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IgA antibodies found in women taking PrEP

17th October, 2016Curing HIV has proven difficult with only two reported cases of a functional cure. To add to this, there is still no effective HIV vaccine that has been…

Thandeka MoyoOctober 17, 2016

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The role of TNF and aging in susceptibility to infection

14th October, 2016As humans age, their levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF), IL1β and IL6 increase in the serum and tissues.

Thandeka MoyoOctober 14, 2016

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A combination of worms and bacteria may be good for your health

12th October, 2016Despite eradication attempts, up to 2 billion people in developing countries have chronic helminth infections.

Thandeka MoyoOctober 13, 2016

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Immunological memory in the Mucosa

10th October, 2016Although the mucosa forms one of the largest parts of the immune system, little was known about immunological memory in the mucosa and how it is able to…

Thandeka MoyoOctober 10, 2016

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Neutrophils and radiation therapy working together to fight cancer

7th October, 2016Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Centre have found that using radiation therapy combined with a neutrophil...

Thandeka MoyoOctober 7, 2016

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Mosquitos with fungus are more susceptible to malaria parasites

5th October, 2016Malaria is still a global health concern due to the high morbidity and mortality caused by malaria parasite infection.

Thandeka MoyoOctober 6, 2016

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Understanding the skin phenotype of children with eczema

3rd October, 2016Atopic dermatitis (AD), commonly referred to as eczema, is an inflammatory condition affecting the skin. Individuals with this condition experience itching...

Thandeka MoyoOctober 4, 2016

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Treating HIV with the power of an antibody

30th September, 2016Neutralising antibodies that target the HIV Envelope have been studied extensively to develop both therapeutic and preventative vaccines against the virus.

Thandeka MoyoSeptember 30, 2016

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Possibility of one vaccine to prevent Zika and Dengue viruses

28th September, 2016Zika virus (ZIKV) is a virus in the Flaviviridae family of viruses. It was first discovered in 1947 from a rhesus monkey in Uganda.

Thandeka MoyoSeptember 28, 2016

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ICI 2016 – What leads to HIV progression in children?

26th September, 2016Dendritic cells play an important role in B-cell activation through the B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS).

Thandeka MoyoSeptember 26, 2016

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ICI 2016 – Parasitic worms in the treatment of chronic asthma

23rd September, 2016Chronic asthma is a condition characterised by persistent lung inflammation, shortness of breath, wheezing and coughing.

Thandeka MoyoSeptember 23, 2016

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ICI 2016 – Potential new diagnostic tool for TB in children

21st September, 2016Tuberculosis (TB) in children is a major health problem as it still has high morbidity and mortality. Every year, approximately 1 million children develop TB disease

Thandeka MoyoSeptember 21, 2016

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ICI 2016 – The role of complement in fighting malaria in pregnancy

19th September, 2016Infection by malaria parasites during pregnancy is a major health concern as it puts both the mother and foetus at risk.

Thandeka MoyoSeptember 19, 2016

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ICI 2016- Mycobacterium tuberculosis at the granuloma level in the human lung

16th September, 2016The formation of lung granuloma is the pathological hallmark of pulmonary Tuberculosis disease resulting from the direct struggle between the immune system and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Thandeka MoyoSeptember 16, 2016

breaking news

ICI 2016 – What is the link between house dust mites and allergic disease?

14th September, 2016Sensitisation is the first step in the immune response leading to allergy. House dust mites (HDM) possess allergens that are internalised and expressed by antigen presenting cells in…

Bonamy HoltakSeptember 14, 2016

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ICI 2016 – Reversing Schistosomiasis Tissue Fibrosis

12th September, 2016Targeting IL-4 receptor alpha mediated signalling: A new therapeutic strategy for fibroproliferative diseases? Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by infective helminthes of the trematoda class. It is

Bonamy HoltakSeptember 12, 2016

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ICI 2016 – The Future of a More Effective HIV Vaccine?

September 9th, 2016 Broadly neutralising antibodies (bnAbs) against HIV have been one of the the main focuses in the design an effective HIV vaccine. However, since the Thai RV144 HIV…

Bonamy HoltakSeptember 9, 2016

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Reflecting on AIDS 2016

August 1st, 2016 AIDS 2016 was a meeting of the world’s foremost HIV/AIDS researchers in both the social and biological sciences. The conference, whose theme was “Accessing Equity Rights Now,”…

ShaanAugust 1, 2016

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Vaccine: Protective Measures Against Chlamydia Discovered

August 4th, 2016 Chlamydia is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases with nearly 113 million infections per year, however many cases are left asymptomatic. When left untreated, chlamydia…

ShaanAugust 1, 2016

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Immunopaedia goes to the 21st International AIDS Conference

July 27th, 2016 The 21st International AIDS Conference came to a close this past Friday with over 18 000 delegates attending from around the world. The conference included panel discussions,…

ShaanJuly 27, 2016

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Treating AIDS in 2016: New drugs for the future

July 21st, 2016 Today, July 21 2016, the International AIDS Conference held in Durban, South Africa convened the fourth day of its conference. One session of note was known as…

ShaanJuly 21, 2016

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Financing the Response to HIV: Show Us the Money

July 22nd, 2016 In 2014, UNAIDS rolled out the ambitious 90-90-90 target for 2020 in which "90% of all people living with HIV will know their HIV status, 90% of…

ShaanJuly 21, 2016

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Progress in HIV Vaccines and the Road to the Clinic

July 19th, 2016 The 21st International Conference kicked off yesterday in Durban, South Africa with nearly 20 000 delegates attending from across the globe. On Tuesday July 19th, the conference…

ShaanJuly 19, 2016

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AIDS 2016: Towards an HIV Cure

July 19th, 2016 Today, July 19 2016, the International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2016) kicked off its second day in Durban, South Africe. Today, a press conference held on the topic…

ShaanJuly 19, 2016

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Regulation of IL-25 levels provides protection against clostridium difficile infection

July 8th, 2016 Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) continues to be the most common hospital-acquired disease in the United Sates, with over 450 000 infections annually. In the recent 12 July…

ShaanJuly 8, 2016

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Injection drug use and susceptibility to HIV and co-morbidities

July 7th, 2016 IInjection drug users (IDUs) are at a greater risk of contracting co-morbidities like HIV, hepatitis, and other blood-contracted diseases. However, it’s possible that the act of injection…

ShaanJuly 6, 2016

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Is there a link between loneliness and Inflammation?

July 5th, 2016 New research published in PLOS One attempted to bridge the gap between the social and the biological by studying the relationship between loneliness and circulating levels of…

ShaanJuly 5, 2016

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Do Mosquito bites help viral infections?

June 24th, 2016 In the recent 21 June 2016 article of Cell Immunity, McKimmie and colleagues investigated the mechanistic process of the mosquito bite in arbovirus infections. The researchers used…

ShaanJune 24, 2016

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Can we tolerate an inhaled vaccine as a way to improve BCG efficacy?

June 20th, 2016 In the 6 May 2016 edition of Plos Pathogens, researchers from New Mexico, USA, studied the mechanisms and efficacy of BCG immunizations in EM-exposed mice through either…

ShaanJune 20, 2016

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A new genetic approach for diagnosing Common Variable Immunodeficiency

June 16th, 2016 Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most common symptomatic group of primary immunodeficiency (PID) syndromes. The hallmark of CVID......

Clive GrayJune 16, 2016

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Inflammatory markers during pregnancy is linked with autism

June 13th, 2016 In the recent 24th May 2016 article from Molecular Psychiatry, researchers examined maternal mid-gestional serum samples of multiple cytokines and chemokines.....

ShaanJune 13, 2016

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