Thandeka Moyo

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Regulatory T cells help prevent CMV reactivation

29th November, 2017Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection usually results in lifelong, chronic infection. The virus remains in a latent state that eventually gets reactivated. Activation...

Thandeka MoyoNovember 29, 2017

Zika virus particles (red) shown in African green monkey kidney cells

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Asymptomatic Zika virus infection protects from re-infection

27th November, 2017Pregnant women are particularly susceptible to symptomatic Zika virus (ZIKV) infection and the virus has the ability to affect the developing fetus, resulting in a host...

Thandeka MoyoNovember 24, 2017

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PD-1-based immunotherapy affected by gut microbiome

24th November, 2017Gut microbiome dysfunction has been linked to several conditions. Researchers have now shown link between resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) which target...

Thandeka MoyoNovember 24, 2017

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Link between schistosomiasis and HIV susceptibility

20th November, 2017Previous studies have suggested that women who are chronically infected with schistosomiasis have increased HIV infection rates. However, prior to this current study...

Thandeka MoyoNovember 20, 2017

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Is HIV becoming more resistant over time?

15th November, 2017Since the discovery of HIV in the 1980s, the virus has spread worldwide, causing the AIDS pandemic. Neutralising antibodies can bind to the virus and prevent it from…

Thandeka MoyoNovember 14, 2017

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Insight into immune activation caused by Ebola virus

10th November, 2017One of the hallmarks of Ebola virus (EBOV) infection is a heightened immune response characterized by a "cytokine storm". Researchers investigated the cause...

Thandeka MoyoNovember 10, 2017

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Highlights from the Infectious Disease (ID) Week 2017 Conference

8th November, 2017Infectious Disease (ID) Week, an annual conference which started in October 2012, has just completed its sixth meeting in San Diego, earlier in October 2017. Establishing itself as…

Thandeka MoyoNovember 8, 2017

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Effect of BCG vaccination on HIV-exposed infants

6th November, 2017Large numbers of infants still get infected with HIV during breastfeeding. Understanding what increases the risk of infection in these infants may aid in a decrease...

Thandeka MoyoNovember 6, 2017

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Mechanism behind malaria-induced autoimmunity

3rd November, 2017 Plasmodium infection has been known to cause autoimmune anemia. Researchers have now uncovered the mechanism behind this. The team found that Plasmodium DNA was responsible for the...

Thandeka MoyoNovember 3, 2017

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Lung on a chip model recapitulates lung cancer pathology and therapy

1st November, 2017 Researchers from the Wyss Institute (Hassell et al) developed an in vitro orthotopic lung cancer model utilising the lung on a chip technology, which is able to...

Thandeka MoyoNovember 1, 2017

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Antibody cocktail to prevent Zika infection in pregnant women

30th October, 2017Zika virus (ZIKV) causes major complications to fetal development and therefore a ZIKV vaccine has become one of the main focuses of research groups around the world. Researchers…

Thandeka MoyoOctober 30, 2017

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Antibody-drug dual combination to fight cancer

27th October, 2017Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are therapeutics which combine drugs with highly antigen-specific antibodies. Currently, most of these conjugates are joined together...

Thandeka MoyoOctober 27, 2017

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Block-and-lock strategy to cure HIV

25th October, 2017Currently, there is only one known person who has been cured of HIV. New strategies must be implemented to develop an affordable, accessible cure for the virus. Researchers…

Thandeka MoyoOctober 25, 2017

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Memory responses are not restricted to immune cells

23rd October, 2017Epithelial stem cells (EpSCs) are cells responsible for the maintenance of the epidermis of the skin by developing into skin-cell lineages to repair wounds and replace damaged skin…

Thandeka MoyoOctober 23, 2017

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Pharmacological treatment of lymphedema

20th October, 2017Lymphedema is a condition which affects the functioning of the lymphatic system resulting in swelling usually in the arms or legs. The condition has traditionally been managed through…

Thandeka MoyoOctober 20, 2017

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How effective are anti-TNF-α agents in treating sarcoidosis?

18th October, 2017Cutaneous sarcoidosis occurs in up to 30% of individuals with sarcoidosis. The use of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α agents has not been fully assessed for...

Thandeka MoyoOctober 16, 2017

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Regulatory T cells delay clearance of malaria through CTLA-4

16th October, 2017Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are important in the control of the immune response. Anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is a checkpoint protein.

Thandeka MoyoOctober 16, 2017

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Role of horsepox in smallpox vaccine

13th October, 2017Due to the widespread use of the smallpox vaccine, the disease was eradicated in 1980. The assumption was that the smallpox vaccine was derived from cowpox virus but…

Thandeka MoyoOctober 13, 2017

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Short chain fatty acids improve inflammation of the eye

11th October, 2017Immune-mediated inflammation of the uvea is one of the major causes of uveitis. Recent studies have linked intestinal microbiomes and their metabolites to...

Thandeka MoyoOctober 9, 2017

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Probiotics induce double-positive intraepithelial lymphocytes

9th October, 2017Oral tolerance is important in ensuring that the body does not mount an immune response against everyday foods we ingest. CD4+CD8αα+ double-positive intraepithelial lymphocytes (DP IELs)...

Thandeka MoyoOctober 9, 2017

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Environmental factors associated with asthma development

6th October, 2017Environmental factors are known to play a role in the onset and pathogenesis of asthma. This study examined the role of pre-natal and early-life environmental...

Thandeka MoyoOctober 6, 2017

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CXCL13 predicts development of HIV-specific antibodies

4th October, 2017The development of neutralizing antibodies with breadth and potency against HIV in natural infection is of interest because these neutralizing antibodies may confer protection...

Thandeka MoyoOctober 3, 2017

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HPV-positive cancer cells are dormant in low oxygen conditions

2nd October, 2017Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are a major health concern as some types have been to shown to cause cervical cancer. Researchers from the German Cancer Research...

Thandeka MoyoOctober 2, 2017

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IL-4–producing B cells shift T cells to Th2 responses

29th September, 2017T helper (Th) 2 cells have been shown to be important in protection against Schistosoma mansoni while increasing susceptibility to Leishmania major. Researchers...

Thandeka MoyoSeptember 29, 2017

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Type I interferons are important in anti-helminth Th2 immunity

27th September, 2017Type I interferons (IFN) have been traditionally associated with innate immune defences against viruses and bacteria which ultimately result in Th1/17-type...

Thandeka MoyoSeptember 27, 2017

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Trispecific antibody for HIV therapy

22nd September, 2017One avenue that is being explored in a HIV vaccine is eliciting neutralising antibody responses. However, the diversity of the virus has made this challenging. Researchers from the…

Thandeka MoyoSeptember 22, 2017

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Antibodies protect against cytomegalovirus infection

20th September, 2017Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a cause of major concern as it causes severe disease in immunocompromised individuals. Therefore, a vaccine to prevent the virus...

Thandeka MoyoSeptember 20, 2017

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Investigating HIV RNA expression during antiretroviral therapy

18th September, 2017Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) can suppress most HIV replication, the virus establishes reservoirs and these cells may undergo proliferation despite the treatment.

Thandeka MoyoSeptember 18, 2017

Cervical spine MRI showing multiple sclerosis

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Gut bacteria induce pro-inflammatory response in MS

15th September, 2017Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a condition which affects the central nervous system. Researchers from Stanford University School of Medicine have now found a link...

Thandeka MoyoSeptember 15, 2017

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Severity of leishmania infection depends on time of day

13th September, 2017The Leishmania parasite mostly invades neutrophils and macrophages to establish infection. These innate immune cells have internal circadian clocks which...

Thandeka MoyoSeptember 13, 2017

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Multi-site injections enhance immune responses

11th September, 2017Several approaches to enhance immunity against tumor cells in cancer patients have been proposed. Therapeutic vaccination has been reported to be one of the most...

Thandeka MoyoSeptember 11, 2017

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Histamine releasing factor makes host vulnerable to malaria

6th September, 2017Malaria has remained major health problem in many developing countries especially sub-Saharan Africa. This has led to the search of an effective vaccine in order...

Thandeka MoyoSeptember 6, 2017

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Plasmodium infection promotes bone loss

4th September, 2017Malaria disease is the result of infection with Plasmodium parasites. The infection is known to cause some long term adverse effects after the clearance of the parasite including bone…

Thandeka MoyoSeptember 4, 2017

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Antibodies with incomplete neutralization protect against SHIV

1st September, 2017The in vivo effect of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) which are unable to completely neutralize HIV in neutralization assays was poorly understood.

Thandeka MoyoSeptember 1, 2017

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Inflammation associated with chronic fatigue syndrome

30th August, 2017Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a condition that affects millions around the world.

Thandeka MoyoAugust 30, 2017

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Next-generation RTS,S-like malaria vaccine

28th August, 2017RTS,S is the first licensed vaccine for the prevention of malaria infection. However, this vaccine still displays modest efficacy which can be improved upon. This study highlights...

Thandeka MoyoAugust 28, 2017

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Zika virus replication in female genital tract

25th August, 2017The recent Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak has highlighted the need for developing ZIKV therapies and vaccines. One of the biggest risks of ZIKV infection in pregnant women is…

Thandeka MoyoAugust 25, 2017

Normal heart vs heart with cardiomyopathy

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HIV Nef protein implicated in cardiomyopathy

23rd August, 2017HIV infection often leads to cardiovascular disease, however, the mechanism behind this was not well understood. Researchers, led by Kamel Khalili, therefore investigated the drivers...

Thandeka MoyoAugust 23, 2017

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Interaction between microbiome and urogenital schistosomiasis

21st August, 2017The commensal bacteria in the human body has been known to influence the prognosis and development of many diseases and conditions.

Thandeka MoyoAugust 21, 2017

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Role of IL-7 receptor in tuberculosis

14th August, 2017Tuberculosis still remains a public health concern especially in developing countries. Although much is known about immune response to M. tuberculosis...

Thandeka MoyoAugust 14, 2017

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Cerebral cavernous malformations enhanced by microbiome

7th August, 2017During the last decade, the gut microbiome configuration has been linked to a large range of diseases from obesity, explained through its ability to regulate...

Thandeka MoyoAugust 7, 2017

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Candidate heroin vaccine effective in primate model

31st July, 2017Researchers from the Scripps Research Institute have developed an anti-heroin vaccine to increase the arsenal of pharmacotherapy available to treat opioid-related...

Thandeka MoyoJuly 31, 2017

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Cow immunizations generate broad HIV antibody responses

24th July, 2017One of the challenges with HIV antibody-based candidate immunogens is that they have failed to elicit broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) responses. HIV is a...

Thandeka MoyoJuly 24, 2017

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Microorganisms in the eye protect against infection

19th July, 2017Commensal bacteria are resident in various parts of the body and are beneficial to human health.

Thandeka MoyoJuly 19, 2017

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Optimizing HIV immunization strategies

10th July, 2017The development of an effective HIV vaccine is highly dependent on using the right immunogen capable of eliciting a strong immune responses. The use of recombinant...

Thandeka MoyoJuly 10, 2017

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mTOR implicated in the onset of asthma

3rd July, 2017The role of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR pathway) in asthma was not well understood although it is known to have effects on immune responses. Scientists from...

Thandeka MoyoJuly 3, 2017

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Cancer-killing viruses: the future of cancer therapy?

26th June, 2017 Using viruses to kill cancer cells is not a new concept. In this Nature Medicine News feature, Shraddha Chakradhar reviews the latest developments in this field and...

Thandeka MoyoJune 26, 2017

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Deletion of TB protein eliminates cell heterogeneity

19th June, 2017 Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a bacterium responsible for Tuberculosis disease. Mtb infection results in months of antibiotic treatment...

Thandeka MoyoJune 19, 2017

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Type III IFNs in Hepatitis E persistence

12th June, 2017Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infects approximately 20 million people annually and there is no approved diagnostic or treatment for this virus. Therefore, there is a need to understand…

Thandeka MoyoJune 12, 2017

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Conventional antibody can neutralize HIV

5th June 2017 One of the challenges with eliciting broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) which target HIV is that they have unusual characteristics...

Thandeka MoyoJune 4, 2017

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Microbiota in T cell survival

Commensal microbiota found in humans has been found to impact various autoimmune diseases by a link to T cell development. The mechanisms behind this were not well understood. Researchers at…

Thandeka MoyoMay 29, 2017

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Cross-reactive antibodies for Ebola vaccine

With the recent Ebola cases identified in the Democratic Republic of Congo, the need for a protective vaccine to prevent and control future outbreaks is once again highlighted. Researchers from...

Thandeka MoyoMay 21, 2017

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Engineered CD8 T cells flush out HIV reservoirs

When CD4 T cells are infected with HIV, CD8 cytotoxic T cells usually move in to kill the infected cells. However, some CD4...

Thandeka MoyoMay 19, 2017

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Targeting an integrin as a potential HIV therapeutic

α4β7 is a gut-homing integrin which is another receptor used by HIV to enter cells. For this reason, it plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of the virus.

Thandeka MoyoMay 17, 2017

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Marginal zone B cells in cholesterol control

B cells play an important role in the immune response towards lipoproteins involved in atherosclerosis. Scientists have now discovered a previously unknown role for splenic marginal zone B...

Thandeka MoyoMay 14, 2017

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HIV immunogen based on precursor antibodies

More than 30 years after the discovery that HIV is the cause of AIDS, there is still no vaccine for this virus. One of the challenges...

Thandeka MoyoMay 12, 2017

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MHC Ib molecule protects against TB infection

Tuberculosis is one of the most dangerous infectious diseases with high morbidity and mortality especially in southern Africa. In this region, TB-HIV...

Thandeka MoyoMay 9, 2017

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Broad antibodies from HIV-infected individuals

Although there are numerous antibodies that target HIV, there is no antibody that has been discovered that is able to...

Thandeka MoyoMay 8, 2017

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Zika virus persists in cerebrospinal fluid and lymph nodes

Previous studies have shown that Zika virus (ZIKV) persists in certain parts of the body even after the symptoms clear.

Thandeka MoyoMay 4, 2017

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How Tregs control liver damage

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are known to reduce the immune response towards infection in the bid to dampen immunopathology. Researchers have now found a mechanism

Thandeka MoyoMay 2, 2017

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GM-CSF and neuroinflammation

28th April, 2017 Certain autoimmune conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS), hystiocytosis and rheumatoid arthritis, have been associated with dysregulated cytokine...

Thandeka MoyoApril 28, 2017

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Glycosylation consensus to aid HIV immunogen design

26th April, 2017N-linked glycans on the HIV Envelope (Env) surface serve multiple purposes including shielding the virus from antibody responses.

Thandeka MoyoApril 26, 2017

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Recycling of B cells in the humoral immune response

24th April, 2017 Studies have shown that B-cell antigen recognition is a transient, dynamic process. Scientists have now discovered that in the absence of T cell help

Thandeka MoyoApril 24, 2017

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Cell-to-cell HIV transmission evades antibody responses

21st April, 2017Most studies on broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) that target HIV look at neutralization of cell-free virus. However...

Thandeka MoyoApril 20, 2017

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Application for CRISPR in muscular dystrophy

19th April, 2017CRISPR technology has taken the scientific world by storm and has introduced a wide array of possibilities for using gene editing in therapeutic applications.

Thandeka MoyoApril 19, 2017

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Alere HIV Combo Rapid Test

12th April, 2017Rapid HIV tests are essential in providing quick and easy diagnoses. These types of tests have been available from the...

Thandeka MoyoApril 11, 2017

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HIV escapes by novel mechanisms

10th April, 2017Broadly neutralizing antibodies can bind to various HIV strains and prevent entry into cells. For this reason...

Thandeka MoyoApril 10, 2017

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IL-17RA deficiency and susceptibility to pathogens

7th April, 2017 Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) is an infection caused by the fungus Candida albicans.

Thandeka MoyoApril 7, 2017

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Microvilli in T cell activation

5th April, 2017 The adaptive immune system relies heavily on T cells to mount an effective immune response. Researchers have found...

Thandeka MoyoApril 5, 2017

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Asthma increases susceptibility to influenza

3rd April, 2017Researchers, led by Phillip Monk, have found that having asthma increases susceptibility to influenza infections. This phenomenon is due...

Thandeka MoyoApril 3, 2017

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Identical viruses form HIV reservoir

31st March, 2017One of the obstacles in curing HIV is that the virus forms reservoirs which cannot be infiltrated by antiretroviral drugs.

Thandeka MoyoMarch 29, 2017

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Dysfunctional B cell subsets in TB patients

29th March, 2017B cells are not only important for producing antibodies but they also aid the T cell arm of the immune response by antigen presentation.

Thandeka MoyoMarch 29, 2017

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HIV vaccine design with less mutated antibodies

27th March, 2017 Broadly neutralizing antibodies are of great importance to the HIV vaccine field.

Thandeka MoyoMarch 28, 2017

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Lab mice may be too clean to use in studies

24th March, 2017 Immunologists use mouse models in a variety of experiments to determine immunological pathways and functions. However, as this review shows, keeping mice in

Thandeka MoyoMarch 24, 2017

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Combination of 2 antibodies controls HIV replication

22nd March, 2017 As there is no cure for HIV, scientists are investigating ways to control virus replication in infected individuals. A combination...

Thandeka MoyoMarch 23, 2017

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CD8 T cells are important for Zika virus control

20th March, 2017 The last Zika virus outbreak gave scientists the urge to understand the virus better in the hope of developing effective treatments and a vaccine to prevent infection.

Thandeka MoyoMarch 20, 2017

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New autoimmune disease driven by thymic tumour

17th March, 2017Researchers, led by Yutaka Takahashi, have discovered a novel autoimmune disease that is caused by a thymic gland tumour known as thymoma. The autoimmune...

Thandeka MoyoMarch 17, 2017

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Malaria vaccine trial with promising results

15th March, 2017 development of an effective malaria vaccine has long been investigated with hardly any success. There were approximately 438 000 deaths from malaria infection in 2015; predominantly in…

Thandeka MoyoMarch 15, 2017

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Road to an effective HIV immunogen

13th March, 2017 Designing a HIV immunogen capable of eliciting broad antibody responses has been a challenge in the field. The highest efficacy in an HIV vaccine trial was 31%…

Thandeka MoyoMarch 14, 2017

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis diversity

10th March, 2017 Tuberculosis is caused by a bacterium known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). The presence of drug-resistant strains of the bacteria highlights the fact that the bacteria can easily…

Thandeka MoyoMarch 10, 2017

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Novel cell population reduces response to tumours

8th March, 2017Researchers from the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, have discovered a novel type of innate lymphoid cell (ILC)...

Thandeka MoyoMarch 9, 2017

Antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity

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Polyfunctional antibodies in the control of HIV

6th March, 2017 Elite controllers (ECs) are a group of HIV-infected individuals who are able to suppress viral replication and live for many years...

Thandeka MoyoMarch 6, 2017

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Neutrophils aid in immune tolerance during pregnancy

3rd March, 2017Immune tolerance is important during pregnancy to allow for the development of the fetus without a maternal immune...

Thandeka MoyoMarch 3, 2017

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Probiotic lotion as eczema treatment

1st March, 2017People who suffer from atopic dermatitis, also known as eczema, experience dry, itchy patches on their skin when they come into contact with allergens.

Thandeka MoyoMarch 2, 2017

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Antibody that can control HIV replication

27th February, 2017HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) have mainly been studied for their use in an HIV vaccine, however these antibodies may be effective in controlling the viral load...

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 28, 2017

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Mucosal cells enhance HIV entry into CD4 T cells

22nd February, 2017HIV transmission through sexual contact takes place primarily through mucosal tissue. Factors such as genital inflammation and...

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 21, 2017

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Novel mechanism for anti-cancer drug

20th February, 2017Nab-paclitaxel is a therapeutic nanoparticle used in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Researchers from the New York University School of Medicine

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 21, 2017

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Changes in gut microbiome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

17th February, 2017Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a condition characterized by chronic inflammation of the digestive tract...

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 17, 2017

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Functional B cells needed to prevent preterm birth

15th February, 2017 Preterm birth (PTB) occurs when an infant is born before 37 weeks of pregnancy. It is one of the leading causes of child mortality...

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 15, 2017

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Antibody resistance does not play a role in mother-to-child-transmission

13th February, 2017 One of the debates in the HIV field is whether antibodies play in role in HIV transmission. Are antibody-neutralization resistant...

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 14, 2017

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Using chemokine CXCL13 as a biomarker of germinal centre activity

10th February, 2017 Researchers have found a dependable marker for germinal centre activity – the chemokine CXCL13. Germinal centres are...

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 9, 2017

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Reason why immunotherapy does not work for all cancers

8th February, 2017Pembrolizumab is an immunotherapy drug used to treat individuals with advanced melanoma. Researchers from University of California, Los Angeles...

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 8, 2017

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Characterization of novel antibody that recognizes HIV trimer

6th February, 2017Understanding where broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) bind to the HIV trimer may be important in designing effective immunogens...

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 7, 2017

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International Remote Conference Highlights: Establishment of memory CD8 cells to influenza

3rd February, 2017The seasonal variability of influenza makes the development of a universal vaccine challenging.

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 3, 2017

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International Remote Conference Highlights: Antibody response to malaria in Burkina Faso

1st February, 2017Malaria is still a major global health problem affecting large numbers of people mostly in developing countries. Malaria is caused by the Plasmodium parasite...

Thandeka MoyoFebruary 2, 2017

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International Remote Conference Highlights: Can HAART be used to cure HIV?

30th January, 2017One of the big questions in HIV research is whether there is a need to find a cure given the current preventative measures and treatment options available.

Thandeka MoyoJanuary 31, 2017

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Rapid evolution of the infant microbiome after birth

27th January, 2017Researchers from the Baylor College of Medicine investigated how the infant microbiome developed from birth into...

Thandeka MoyoJanuary 27, 2017

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No role for CD4 T cells in shift from latent to active TB

25th January, 2017 In this study, researchers used SIV-infected macaques to gain insight into the immune response towards HIV/TB co-infection.

Thandeka MoyoJanuary 25, 2017

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Evidence for antibodies in control of HIV infection

23rd January, 2017Researchers from Rockefeller University have described a patient who has both broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV as well as...

Thandeka MoyoJanuary 24, 2017

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Not all CD8 T cells have cytotoxic effects

20th January, 2017 It has been known for a long time that CD8 T cells are important for the control of the HIV in infected individuals. However, the CD8 T…

Thandeka MoyoJanuary 20, 2017

Advancing Global Online Immunology Education for 20 years