June 2019

Sateriale et al., Graphical Abstract. (Source: Sateriale et al., 2019)

Development of natural murine model of Cryptosporidiosis

Developing a murine model that recapitulates human infection is challenging. Sateriale et al., aimed to develop a murine model of Cryptosporidiosis that is similar to human infection and can be…

ChelekaJune 28, 2019

This illustration depicts a three-dimensional (3D) computer-generated image of a group of aerobic, Gram-negative, Bordetella pertussis bacteria. The artistic recreation was based upon scanning electron microscopic (SEM) imagery. [Source: CDC PHIL: CDC/ Sarah Bailey Cutchin]

breaking news

Does whole cell pertussis vaccination skew infection induced Ab profiles?

Raeven et al., conducted an in-depth profiling of Ab repertoire following a pertussis episode in adolescents and young adults with a specific focus on determining the effect of vaccine priming…

ChelekaJune 25, 2019

Source: Gershman and Staples, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Chapter 3 Infectious Diseases Related to Travel

breaking news

Is Yellow fever vaccination safe for HIV+ individuals?

Previous studies have demonstrated variable safety outcomes of yellow fever vaccinated HIV+ individuals. Thus, Colin de Verdiere et al., conducted a safety trial to determine the safety and immunogenicity of…

ChelekaJune 21, 2019

Graphical abstract demonstrating the antimicrobial activity of IL-26 against intracullar bacteria like M.leprae: IL-26 is able to colocalize with M.leprae in infected human monocyte-derived-macrophages. IL-26 may also promotes intracellular killing by promoting phagolysosomal fusion. By binding to the DNA of dead cells, IL-26 allows the cytoplasmic DNA receptor STING to bring about autophagy. (Source: Dan et al., JCI 2019)

breaking news

The emerging role of IL-26 in fighting against intracellular microbes

Dang et al., utilised the human leprosy model to showcase the ability of IL-26 to provide protection against intracellular bacteria. This research opens up the possibility for Th17 cells to…

ChelekaJune 19, 2019

EM of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Janice Carr, WIkimedia Commons)

breaking news

T cell activation as a potential surrogate marker for TB treatment efficacy.

Ahmed et al., assessed changes in phenotypic markers on MTB-specific CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of subjects with active TB from the start to the end…

ChelekaJune 14, 2019

Vaccination schedules in the UKHVC003 Standard Group and TaMoVac01 trial. The UKHVC 003 SG vaccine comprised DNA plasmids (8 mg/immunization) and MVA (108 TCID50/immunization) coding for matched subtype C-derived CN54 based Env and ZM96 Gag, Pol, and Nef immunogen sequences. Of note, MVA-C expressed only the gp120 portion of Env. The CN54rgp140 protein (100 ug/immunization) was adjuvanted with 5ug GLA-AF and administered as two additional boosts. The TaMoVac I vaccination regimen included DNA vaccination (600 or 1,000 μg/immunization) with 7 plasmids (encoding for Env subtypes A, B, and C and Rev subtype B as well as Gag subtypes A, B, and RTmut subtype B) delivered intradermal, followed by MVA-CMDR (108 pfu/immunization), expressing HIV gp150 (subtype E), Gag and Pol (subtype A), and two additional boosts with 100 μg of CN54rgp140 protein adjuvanted with 5 μg GLA-AF. (Source Nadai et al., 2019)

breaking news

Does HIV-env vaccination strategy affect the recognition pattern of IgG responses?

Understanding the factors that influence the vaccine-induced IgG recognition of certain HIV Env regions might aid in an improved and targeted HIV vaccine design.To this end, Nadai et al., closely…

ChelekaJune 11, 2019

Microbial dysbiosis in HIV is characterized by decreased abundances of Bacteroides, Lactobacillus and beneficial clostridia with increased abundances of Prevotella and pathogenic Proteobacteria, increasing T-cell and DC activation. Loss of secretory IgA may help to explain the outgrowth of pathogenic bacteria. Increased neutrophil and macrophage accumulation in the lamina propria, bacterial activity in the mucosa, and other mechanisms destabilize the mucosa and GI epithelium, leading to MT and further accumulation of inflammatory microbial products and cytokines in circulation. Together, these mechanisms perpetuate an inflammatory cycle that leads to chronic immune activation in ART-treated HIV-infected individuals. ART, antiretroviral therapy; DC, dendritic cell; GI, gastrointestinal; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; MT, microbial translocation. Source: Lyle-Mckinnon et al., 2015.

breaking news

Does dysbiosis of the GIT microbiome enhance the neutrophils survival and chronic inflammation in HIV+ individuals?

Microbial dysbiosis in the gut of HIV infected patients, could trigger TLR signalling in neutrophils, increase neutrophil survival and contribute to inflammation and mucosal damage.

ChelekaJune 7, 2019

breaking news

Dual BCR and TCR co-expressing lymphocyte could play a role in T1D pathogenesis.

Ahmed et al., discovered this novel lymphocyte population in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D), and called it “dual expresser” (DE) cells because they expresses B and T cell specific…

ChelekaJune 4, 2019

Development of natural murine model of Cryptosporidiosis

Does whole cell pertussis vaccination skew infection induced Ab profiles?

Is Yellow fever vaccination safe for HIV+ individuals?

The emerging role of IL-26 in fighting against intracellular microbes

T cell activation as a potential surrogate marker for TB treatment efficacy.

Does HIV-env vaccination strategy affect the recognition pattern of IgG responses?

Does dysbiosis of the GIT microbiome enhance the neutrophils survival and chronic inflammation in HIV+ individuals?

Dual BCR and TCR co-expressing lymphocyte could play a role in T1D pathogenesis.

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